The energy landscape in the United States and globally is... Show more
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R
roofie
16/02/2024
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Knowunity KNEWS
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16 Feb 2024
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AI Page v2
R
roofie
@roofie_paiityiwoyhel
1 / 10
Page 1: Energy Consumption and Coal Resources
Global Energy Consumption Patterns
Energy consumption varies significantly between highly developed and developing countries. In the United States, energy use is distributed across industry (31%), buildings (41%), and transportation (28%). Developing countries tend to use a larger fraction of energy at the household level.
Highlight: World energy consumption has increased every year since 1982, except for a brief decline between 2008-2009 due to the global economic downturn.
Trends in Energy Consumption
Energy consumption continues to rise globally, with a 22% increase worldwide from 2002 to 2012. During this period, energy use doubled in China and India. However, some highly developed nations are experiencing decreases in per-person energy consumption due to technological advancements.
Example: Countries like Japan and Sweden are reducing per-person energy consumption through improved efficiency in appliances, cars, and home insulation.
Coal Resources and Production
Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel globally, with the largest deposits found in the United States, Russia, China, Australia, India, Germany, and South Africa. The United States possesses 25% of the world's coal supply.
Vocabulary: Fossil fuel - A natural fuel formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms.
Coal production has increased in recent years, especially in rapidly growing economies like India and China. It is primarily used for electricity production and in heavy industries for steel production.
Page 2: Coal Mining and Environmental Impacts
Types of Coal Mining
There are two main types of coal mines: surface and subsurface. Surface mining, which includes strip mining, accounts for 60% of coal mined in the United States. Subsurface mining makes up the remaining 40%.
Definition: Strip mining - A type of surface mining where a trench is dug to extract coal.
Environmental Impacts of Coal Mining
Coal mining, especially surface mining, has substantial effects on the environment. Before the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA), abandoned surface coal mines often resulted in large open pits or trenches, causing various environmental problems.
Highlight: Mountaintop removal, a particularly destructive form of surface mining, has leveled between 15 and 25% of the mountaintops in West Virginia.
Coal Burning and Pollution
Coal burning contributes significantly to air pollution, more so than burning oil or natural gas. In the United States, coal-burning electric power plants produce one-third of all airborne mercury emissions.
Vocabulary: Acid deposition - The process by which acids form in the atmosphere and fall to Earth as rain, snow, or fog.
Burning coal also releases more CO₂ per unit of heat compared to other fossil fuels, exacerbating the CO₂ problem in the atmosphere.
Page 3: Coal and Natural Gas Energy Sources
Coal Combustion Technologies
Coal remains a significant energy source, but its use comes with environmental challenges. To address these issues, several advanced technologies have been developed:
-
Scrubbers: These devices clean the exhaust of power plants, reducing emissions associated with coal combustion.
-
Fluidized-bed combustion: This technology involves mixing crushed coal with limestone particles in a strong air current during the combustion process.
Highlight: The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 provided incentives for utility companies to convert to clean coal technologies, encouraging a shift towards more environmentally friendly practices in the energy sector.
Energy Mix in the United States
As of 2012, the energy sources in the US were distributed as follows:
- Oil and natural gas: 56%
- Coal: 23%
- Nuclear power and renewables: 11%
- Liquid biofuels:
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
AI Page v2
R
roofie
@roofie_paiityiwoyhel
The energy landscape in the United States and globally is dominated by fossil fuels, particularly coal, oil, and natural gas. These energy sources play a crucial role in powering various sectors of the economy, from electricity generation to transportation and... Show more
1 / 10
Page 1: Energy Consumption and Coal Resources
Global Energy Consumption Patterns
Energy consumption varies significantly between highly developed and developing countries. In the United States, energy use is distributed across industry (31%), buildings (41%), and transportation (28%). Developing countries tend to use a larger fraction of energy at the household level.
Highlight: World energy consumption has increased every year since 1982, except for a brief decline between 2008-2009 due to the global economic downturn.
Trends in Energy Consumption
Energy consumption continues to rise globally, with a 22% increase worldwide from 2002 to 2012. During this period, energy use doubled in China and India. However, some highly developed nations are experiencing decreases in per-person energy consumption due to technological advancements.
Example: Countries like Japan and Sweden are reducing per-person energy consumption through improved efficiency in appliances, cars, and home insulation.
Coal Resources and Production
Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel globally, with the largest deposits found in the United States, Russia, China, Australia, India, Germany, and South Africa. The United States possesses 25% of the world's coal supply.
Vocabulary: Fossil fuel - A natural fuel formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms.
Coal production has increased in recent years, especially in rapidly growing economies like India and China. It is primarily used for electricity production and in heavy industries for steel production.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
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Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Page 2: Coal Mining and Environmental Impacts
Types of Coal Mining
There are two main types of coal mines: surface and subsurface. Surface mining, which includes strip mining, accounts for 60% of coal mined in the United States. Subsurface mining makes up the remaining 40%.
Definition: Strip mining - A type of surface mining where a trench is dug to extract coal.
Environmental Impacts of Coal Mining
Coal mining, especially surface mining, has substantial effects on the environment. Before the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA), abandoned surface coal mines often resulted in large open pits or trenches, causing various environmental problems.
Highlight: Mountaintop removal, a particularly destructive form of surface mining, has leveled between 15 and 25% of the mountaintops in West Virginia.
Coal Burning and Pollution
Coal burning contributes significantly to air pollution, more so than burning oil or natural gas. In the United States, coal-burning electric power plants produce one-third of all airborne mercury emissions.
Vocabulary: Acid deposition - The process by which acids form in the atmosphere and fall to Earth as rain, snow, or fog.
Burning coal also releases more CO₂ per unit of heat compared to other fossil fuels, exacerbating the CO₂ problem in the atmosphere.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Page 3: Coal and Natural Gas Energy Sources
Coal Combustion Technologies
Coal remains a significant energy source, but its use comes with environmental challenges. To address these issues, several advanced technologies have been developed:
-
Scrubbers: These devices clean the exhaust of power plants, reducing emissions associated with coal combustion.
-
Fluidized-bed combustion: This technology involves mixing crushed coal with limestone particles in a strong air current during the combustion process.
Highlight: The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 provided incentives for utility companies to convert to clean coal technologies, encouraging a shift towards more environmentally friendly practices in the energy sector.
Energy Mix in the United States
As of 2012, the energy sources in the US were distributed as follows:
- Oil and natural gas: 56%
- Coal: 23%
- Nuclear power and renewables: 11%
- Liquid biofuels:
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Join milions of students
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Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user